Spain EUDI Wallet 2026 - MiDNI, Cartera Digital Beta, Cl@ve Firma

Spain is developing EUDI wallet solutions with MiDNI mobile app, Cartera Digital Beta age assurance pilot, DNIe electronic ID foundation (since 2006), and Cl@ve Firma cloud-based signatures. Leading Europe in e-government with 84% usage and €33.8 billion digital transformation investment.

MiDNI: Mobile Version of DNI with eID and Signing

Spain has launched MiDNI, the mobile version of DNI, supporting eID and signing functionalities. The application provides access to the DNI database and fetches attributes in real time, providing a mobile-first approach to digital identity.

While there are no formal publications on whether MiDNI will be developed into an EUDIW specifically, there is work in progress to evolve this mobile identity solution toward EUDI wallet compliance. The real-time database access and signing capabilities demonstrate technical readiness for verifiable credentials.

Cartera Digital Beta: EU Age Assurance Pilot Selection

The Cartera Digital Beta can serve as a container for digital identity more broadly, while being primarily used for age assurance. The initiative provided a mobile application which allowed users to generate and store verifiable credentials, providing reliable, easy, and secure access to digital services, such as those offered by participant universities.

This pilot demonstrates Spain's hands-on experience with verifiable credentials, selective disclosure, and privacy-preserving identity verification — all core EUDI wallet capabilities. The university use case shows real-world deployment experience beyond theoretical development.

DNIe Foundation: Electronic ID Since 2006

Spain's DNIe (ID card) is an electronic identity document that enables both identification and signature for administrative and private procedures. The DNIe has been in deployment since 2006, providing nearly two decades of experience with electronic identity infrastructure.

DNIeRemote is the official application from CNP-FNMT (Spain's National Police in partnership with the Royal Mint - Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre) that lets users use their Spanish electronic ID card to authenticate and sign online from devices without a physical smart card reader. This eliminates a major barrier to digital identity adoption by enabling mobile and remote usage.

Cl@ve Multi-Mode Authentication System

If you have a certificate or an electronic ID, you can register in the Cl@ve system through the Internet. The system offers multiple modes to accommodate different user needs and security requirements:

Cl@ve PIN (Temporary Single-Use)

Cl@ve PIN provides temporary, single-use passwords for convenient access to government services without requiring certificates or smart cards. This mode balances security with accessibility for occasional users.

Cl@ve Permanente (Permanent Username/Password)

Cl@ve Permanente is a permanent username/password system for regular users who need consistent access to electronic administration services.

Cl@ve Firma (Cloud-Based Legally Valid Signatures)

Cl@ve Firma (key signature) is the only mode that allows both identification and legally valid signing. This is a cloud-based electronic password system that issues permanent (Cl@ve Permanente) and temporary single-use (Cl@ve Pin) passwords via SMS and the Cl@ve mobile application.

Because the electronic certificates are stored by the public administration and accessed using the aforementioned passwords, they can be used anywhere that has an internet connection, without having to access a specific computer. This cloud-based approach demonstrates advanced thinking about mobile-first digital identity.

FNMT Royal Mint Digital Certificates

The FNMT certificate is an electronic certification issued by the National Mint and Stamp Factory - Royal Spanish Mint (FNMT-RCM), which links users to signature verification data, confirming their identity. FNMT (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre) is the most common and free option with a two-step process: online request plus in-person verification, and is valid for 4 years.

The Royal Mint's role in issuing digital certificates demonstrates Spain's commitment to high-trust, government-backed digital identity infrastructure — a critical foundation for EUDI wallet deployment.

European E-Government Leadership

Spain achieved a score of 88.75 in digital services for citizens, compared to the European average of 82.20, consolidating its position as a European benchmark in innovation, connectivity and emerging technologies.

Spain "is leading of e-Government and digital public services in the EU" with 84% of internet users using electronic administration services compared to 74% in the EU. Applications such as My Citizen Folder, the Digital DNI (MiDNI) and virtual assistants with AI in the Tax Agency and health services exemplify the people-centred approach.

€33.8 Billion Digital Transformation Roadmap

Spain's roadmap is composed of 67 measures with a budget of €33.8 billion, comprising €26.7 billion from public budgets (equivalent to 1.68% of GDP). This massive investment demonstrates Spain's commitment to complete digital transformation including EUDI wallet deployment.

World-Class Digital Infrastructure

Spain has the second best fibre optic coverage in Europe, reaching 95% of households and 86.3% in rural areas. 5G coverage reaches 95% of the population and 8 out of 10 people living in rural areas. This infrastructure ensures that EUDI wallet services will be accessible nationwide, including underserved rural communities.

Citizen Satisfaction

According to the special Eurobarometer on the Digital Decade 2025, 72% of Spanish citizens consider that the digitalisation of public and private services is making their lives easier. This strong citizen acceptance demonstrates readiness for EUDI wallet adoption.

Path to December 2026 Deadline

All European Member States have to provide a European Identity Wallet (EUDIW) to their citizens by December 2026. The implementing acts were adopted on 28 November 2024, so each member state must have at least one wallet available by late 2026.

Spain appears to be making progress with both MiDNI and Cartera Digital Beta as potential foundations for its EUDI-compliant wallet. With DNIe electronic ID infrastructure since 2006, DNIeRemote mobile access, Cl@ve multi-mode authentication (especially Cl@ve Firma cloud-based signatures), FNMT Royal Mint certificates, 88.75 digital services score, 84% e-government usage, €33.8 billion digital roadmap, EU age assurance pilot selection, second-best fiber coverage in Europe, and 72% citizen satisfaction, Spain has built complete capabilities for EUDI wallet deployment serving its 47 million population.